After her sister Mimi complained to Liverpool's Social Services twice, Julia gave her custody of Lennon. When he eventually came home six months later, he offered to look after the family, but Julia, by then pregnant with another man's child, rejected the idea. His father was often away from home but sent regular pay cheques to 9 Newcastle Road, Liverpool, where Lennon lived with his mother the cheques stopped when he went absent without leave in February 1944. His parents named him John Winston Lennon after his paternal grandfather, John "Jack" Lennon, and Prime Minister Winston Churchill. Alfred was a merchant seaman of Irish descent who was away at the time of his son's birth. Lennon was born on 9 October 1940 at Liverpool Maternity Hospital to Julia (née Stanley) (1914–1958) and Alfred Lennon (1912–1976). He was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame (in 1997) and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (twice, as a member of the Beatles in 1988 and as a solo artist in 1994). Rolling Stone ranked him the fifth-greatest singer and thirty-eighth greatest artist of all time. In 2002, Lennon was voted eighth in a BBC history poll of the 100 Greatest Britons.
In 1982, Lennon won the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music. Double Fantasy, his best-selling album, won the 1981 Grammy Award for Album of the Year. He was shot and killed by a Beatles fan, Mark David Chapman, three weeks after the album's release.Īs a performer, writer or co-writer, Lennon had 25 number-one singles in the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Following a five-year hiatus, Lennon returned to music in 1980 with the Ono collaboration Double Fantasy. He also had chart-topping collaborations with Elton John (" Whatever Gets You thru the Night") and David Bowie (" Fame"). Lennon and Ono separated from 1973 to 1975, during which time he produced Harry Nilsson's album Pussy Cats. Moving to New York City in 1971, his criticism of the Vietnam War resulted in a three-year deportation attempt by the Nixon administration. In 1969, he started the Plastic Ono Band with his second wife, the multimedia artist Yoko Ono, held the two-week-long anti-war demonstration Bed-ins for Peace, and quit the Beatles to embark on a solo career.īetween 19, Lennon and Ono collaborated on many works, including a trilogy of avant-garde albums, several more films, his solo debut John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band, and the international top 10 singles " Give Peace a Chance", " Instant Karma!", " Imagine" and " Happy Xmas (War Is Over)". Starting with " All You Need Is Love", his songs were adopted as anthems by the anti-war movement and the larger counterculture. Lennon soon expanded his work into other media by participating in numerous films, including How I Won the War, and authoring In His Own Write and A Spaniard in the Works, both collections of nonsense writings and line drawings. Sometimes called "the smart Beatle", he was initially the group's de facto leader, a role gradually ceded to McCartney. In 1956, he formed the Quarrymen, which evolved into the Beatles in 1960. īorn in Liverpool, Lennon became involved in the skiffle craze as a teenager. His songwriting partnership with Paul McCartney remains the most successful in history. Lennon was characterised by the rebellious nature and acerbic wit in his music, writing and drawings, on film, and in interviews. John Winston Ono Lennon (born John Winston Lennon 9 October 1940 – 8 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter, musician and peace activist who achieved worldwide fame as the founder, co-songwriter, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the Beatles.
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